As India marks its 79th year of Independence, the nation has much to celebrate. Over the decades, India has not only preserved its unity amidst vast diversity but has also demonstrated resilience in moments of crisis. A recent example was *Operation Sindoor*, launched in response to a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir. The operation, which targeted terrorist infrastructure across the border and neutralised military escalation, reflected national solidarity and a renewed approach towards cross-border terrorism.
Economically, India stands as the fastest-growing large economy, with sustained growth over the past decades leading to a notable reduction in poverty. The government has set an ambitious target of making India a developed nation by 2047, its centenary year of Independence. However, achieving this goal requires navigating complex challenges, both domestic and international. Global trade headwinds are intensifying, with the United States—India’s largest export market—imposing steep tariffs, including a 25% “reciprocal tariff” and an additional penalty on imports linked to Russian oil purchases. Such measures, if prolonged, could impact India’s exports, GDP growth, and job creation. Given historically cordial Indo-US trade relations, it is important to assess the causes of this strain and explore strategies to restore momentum.
Beyond external pressures, India must strengthen its internal framework to sustain long-term progress. An open, transparent, and rules-based system supported by strong institutions remains crucial. Yet, concerns persist over the performance of some core institutions. Parliamentary and legislative sessions often witness the passage of critical bills with minimal debate. The Election Commission of India (ECI), long regarded as the bedrock of electoral democracy, faces unprecedented scrutiny from opposition parties, raising questions about its impartiality. Similarly, judicial delays hamper governance efficiency and economic decision-making.
Ultimately, India’s path to becoming a developed economy will depend on two intertwined factors: its ability to withstand external economic shocks, and its success in reinforcing institutional credibility. The vision for 2047 will demand not only robust growth strategies but also political will to uphold transparency, accountability, and inclusive governance.
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